C++ - LIBUMEM Best Simple Memory Leak Detection Tool Ever

2011-05-02T21:57:00.000-07:00

A Simple usage of libumem export LD_PRELOAD=libumem.so export UMEM_DEBUG=default export UMEM_LOGGING=transaction Execute the program collect the core Debug using core file bash-3.00# mdb core Loading modules: [ libumem.so.1 libc.so.1 libuutil.so.1 ld.so.1 ] > $G C++ symbol demangling enabled > ::findleaks > BUFCTL $

C++ - Object Heap Marker to Detect Memory Leaks

2009-02-14T21:05:00.000-08:00

In this post I have a program which generates core and from the core file we can find out how many objects for a particular class has been created. This helps in isolating memory leaks related issues. Using this method we can analyze release mode core dumps so as to see the values within each objects.The basic idea is to put a heap marker string along with each object so that we can identify the

C# - Command line Tools n Modularizing IF-ELSE

2009-02-14T19:48:00.000-08:00

I have been writing some of the command line tools which handles lots of functionality. I used to end up writing lots of IF-ELSE which are non reusable code. What I think we should do to make such tools really extensible is defining the commands within an XML file. Once a person enters a particular option we traverse through

SharePoint - SSP Personalization Services Permissions

2009-02-09T09:58:00.000-08:00

In /ssp/admin/manageservicepermissions.aspx datasources are used to map these permissions. So it seems it gets stored inside a table within SQL

Windows - 013 Useful Windows Commands

2008-12-09T11:13:00.000-08:00

Useful Windows XP commandsMerge two files into another - copy smalefile1 + smallfile2 largefileDecompress Files - extractpushd and popd same as that for bash.Associate a folder to a drive - subst X: C:\windowsTree structure for directory - treeFind files or find string with in a file - find/findstrHiding files within another file(NTFS Filesystem Specific) - type 1.jpg > 1.txt:hidden.jpgAlias a

Linux - 013 Linux Bash Tips

2008-12-09T11:12:00.000-08:00

0xa Linux Bash Commands which helps me most in my daily work.1. cd -, swaps take you to the last cd last location2. cd, Change to home directory3. pushd, pushes the current directory path into stack and later you can use popd to go back to that location, use dirs to display the stack4. fg, mainly for programmers who are editing and compiling the from command line. Eg. Start vim make some changes

SharePoint - Permissions

2008-12-08T00:43:00.000-08:00

SharePoint PermissionsUsing Object Model (OM) we can get all resources and its heirachy details. OM provides RoleAssigment property for each SPWeb/SPList/SPListItem object which will list down the role assignments. Now using this we can collect all the RoleAssignment for all Web->List->ListItems.Sample RoleAssigment propertyXML representation of RoleAssigment for web resource (/sites/mysite) is

Readable Code - Remove Checking null

2008-11-17T20:36:00.000-08:00

Readable Code – Checking NULLWe must have come across these lines of code many times//JAVAbool func(String name){ if ( (name != null) && (name.equals("true") ) { ... } else { ... }}A better way to code this would be//JAVAbool func(String name){ if ( "true".equals(name) ) { ... } else { ... }}

SharePoint - Windows SharePoint Services (WSS) Overview and Architecture

2008-11-14T19:20:00.000-08:00

IntendOff lately I have started working on technologies based on C# and ASP.NET. Initially I used to concentrate on scalability and performance optimization in C#. Now I have started looking into SharePoint technology. While I was searching for the materials on SharePoint there were a lot of materials which describes the functionality part but I was not able to find any single document that

General Update

2008-11-11T18:55:00.000-08:00

Off lately i have started working on various technologies so i am planning to post topics on .NET, JAVA, SharePoint... I will start off with a post on "SharePoint Architecture".thanks

C++ Programming - Split Linked List into Two

2008-10-10T11:02:00.000-07:00

Given a linked listWe have to split it into two. One of the obvious way is to traverse the linked list once get the count and terminating at the midpoint. But it will be of the order n + n/2. Another solution is to add intermediate elements into another linked list which will be of the order n.Here is the solution (C++):template class node { T val; node *nxt;public: node(T v): val(v),

General - Collecting Stack Trace

2008-08-23T02:55:00.001-07:00

If we have any native debugger installed collect the stack trace. Try to generate stack trace from core file for all the threads dumped.SOLARISpstack core or /opt/SUNWspro/bin/dbx program core(dbx) thread -info t@1 ==> show the thread information(dbx) where ==> show the thread stack AIXThe syscorepath utility can be used to specify a single system-wide directory in which all core files of any

General - Useful Commands For Collecting System Details

2008-08-23T02:47:00.000-07:00

I found these command pretty useful or rather i use this as my preliminary analysis part before taking up any UNIX/LINUX issuesIf it is related to any performance or memory issue vmstat 1 AIX topas prtconf SOLARIS prtdiagprtconf/proc/meminfoprstat LINUX top -d 1 |grep processnamecat /proc/cpuinfo cat /proc/meminfo cat /proc/version HPUX grep -i Physical /var/adm/syslog/syslog.log

Shell Scripting - Debugging Shell Scripts

2008-08-23T02:36:00.001-07:00

There are various ways of debugging shell scripts, i found these useful when debugging UNIX/LINUX related installer issues.Add the line set -vx in the beginning of the script. The shell script will then start debug output. You can disable the debug message by adding set +vx from that point onwards debug messages will be disabledOr doing sh -x shellscriptfilename (best option out the lot)This is

General - HPUX FAQs

2008-08-23T02:29:00.001-07:00

Useful site which lists down the HPUX related FAQs likeURL: comp.sys.hp.hpux How can I tell if I have a 32-bit or 64-bit kernel? How do I determine if a system supports a 32 and/or a 64-bit kernel? How do I set per-process limits? Where do I get HP-UX patches? How can I tell what patches are in the kernel?...

Shell Scripting - Monitor Process

2008-08-09T00:37:00.000-07:00

This script wil help you in monitoring process resources like memory, cpu usage etc in a portable way across all UNIX/LINUX environment#!bin/shPROCCHECKDELAY=1RUNCHECKDELAY=2PROCNORUN=PAGEROWS=80PROCNAME=$1PROCID=if [ $# -ne 1 ]then echo give program name to watch; exit 1;fistat_process(){ PROCID= _mypid= while [ true ] do _mypid=`ps -e 2>/dev/null|grep $1|head -n1|awk '{ print $1 }'`; if [ !

C/C++ Programming - Solaris Core Dump Analysis

2008-08-08T23:20:00.000-07:00

Solaris is best platforms to trace out the crash issues. They have a bunch of tools to help us instead of screaming in the office during nights :). While analyzing the core dumps i follow few steps given below most of the time which has helped me in most of the scenarios. Observe the complete stack trace esp multi-threaded programs. $>pstack core|c++filt Deploy sample programs to test the

C/C++ Programming - Windows Memory Leak Analysis using DebugDiag

2008-04-04T00:15:00.000-07:00

DebugDiag one of the simple tools which has helped me in analyzing memory leaks for Windows. Once we enable the tracker to monitor for memory pressure analysis we can generate memory dumps for corresponding process and do an Analysis to get the stack trace, allocation count and memory leak probability. We can also get the dependent DLL specific memory as well, which helps in narrowing down issue

General Announcement - New Name...

2007-12-27T08:31:00.000-08:00

hi everyone,this is to inform that we are moving to code greping. thanks to blogger for taking care of the old readers...

C++ Programming - Windows Compiler and Linker Issues

2007-12-03T11:53:00.000-08:00

Few days before in VC 7.0 i had an issue while creating binary using one of my static library files only in case DEBUG build. The linker was crashing with an error LNK1000. Most of my search landed in groups and forum where they advised for M$ support. I kept on searching till i found quiet an useful page LNK1000 error when building resource-only DLLs. The last post by HuangTM saved my day. i

C Programming - Three Beautiful Quicksorts (by Jon Bentley)

2007-11-11T02:13:00.000-08:00

This talk describes three of the most beautiful pieces of code that I have ever written: ... all » three different implementations of Hoare's classic Quicksort algorithm. The first implementation is a bare-bones function in about a dozen lines of C. The second implementation starts by instrumenting the first program to measure its run time; a dozen systematic code transformations proceed to make

Debugging - Core Dump Management on the Solaris OS

2007-11-11T02:09:00.000-08:00

Really cool article on how to manage core files under solaris. Sun has a very nice list of tools like coreadm, pstack and dumpadm.enjoy debugging!

C C++ Programming - Useful Tracing and Profiling Tools

2007-11-09T00:02:00.000-08:00

I have been searching for few tracing and profiling tools these days. Tracing tools are my fav because we will be able to debug it while it is running and can get an overview of what is happening inside a.out. esp while learning the flow of a prog.I found the given below tools and links very useful...LinuxgprofGNU gprofSpeed your code with the GNU profilercallgrindCallgrind: a heavyweight

Shell Script - Memory Watch for UNIX Platforms

2007-11-02T15:17:00.000-07:00

Simple memory profile script for UNIX/LINUX platforms.#!bin/shPROCCHECKDELAY=1RUNCHECKDELAY=2PAGEROWS=80PROCNAME=$1PROCID=if [ $# -ne 1 ]then echo give program name to watch; exit 1;fistat_process(){ PROCID= _mypid= while [ true ] do _mypid=`ps -e 2>/dev/null|grep $1|head -n1|awk '{ print $1 }'`; if [ -z "$_mypid" ] then echo "$1 is not

C Programming - Path Correction

2007-11-02T14:41:00.000-07:00

If you enter any relative path convert that to absolute path removing those dotdot and dot. Assuming that input is following our grammer :)eg: Input: /a/b/c/.././ and Output: /a/bThe most obvious solution seems to be stack. But i wanted to give a try with an in-place replacement logic. Here is what i came up with. Lets start from the other end of the string.#define COLS 2#define TESTPATHS{{"/asd/

C++ Programming - Empty Base Class Optimization

2007-01-26T06:54:00.000-08:00

It is know that a class without any non-static data members will be having a size of 1 byte.class A { static int i;}; // sizeof(A) will be 1Now suppose that we inherited this to create another empty (no non-static member) class B, as followclass B: public A { }; // Still sizeof(B) will be 1 instead of 2 bytesNow lets take the case in which the inherited class has a non-static data member.

Programming - Code Browsing Made Easy Using ctags+gvim

2007-01-26T06:51:00.000-08:00

Using ctags+gvim for code browsing... The following command generates a tag file for C/C++ ONLY, you can extend the exclude list for more specific one. ctags -R --languages="-Java,-JavaScript,-HTML,-Perl,-Sh" < directory name >For listing all supported languages usectags --list-languages

C++ Programming - BST Level Order Printing

2006-12-22T07:11:00.000-08:00

Q. Level Order traversal of Binary Search TreeThis will traverse the BST in levels and print the elements according to the level from left to right.Node:struct Node { Node *left; Node *right; int data; Node(int value) : data(value) { left = right = NULL; }};Explaination:This is a common solution. The logic behind this we start of with a queue which is having the root

C Programming - Removing Loop from a Linked List

2006-12-20T11:10:00.000-08:00

Given a Linked List which has loop within it, remove the looping with minimum complexity.Node:struct NODE { int data; struct NODE *next;}Explanation:If Linked List is as given below1->2->3->4->5->6 |_________|What we are doing in this solutions is inserting an element who data element is known to us between every node, such that it looks like1->B->2->B->3->B->4->B->5->B->6

C Programming - Divisible By 3 or Not (continued)

2006-12-20T10:14:00.000-08:00

Some more additions to my previous post C Programming - Divisible By 3 or Not.Code:1. A solution that I got as a comment to my previous post. Thanks Piyush!struct NODE { bool returnValue; struct NODE *next;} MOD3_LOOP[3];bool DivBy3(int n){ MOD3_LOOP[0].returnValue = TRUE; MOD3_LOOP[0].next = &MOD3_LOOP[1]; MOD3_LOOP[1].returnValue = FALSE; MOD3_LOOP[1].next = &MOD3_LOOP[2];

C Programming - Copy Linked List (including arbitrary pointer)

2006-12-17T20:59:00.000-08:00

Given a Linked List of node structure asstruct Node { type element; Node *next; Node *arb;};You are asked to create an exact copy this linked list. Pointer arb points to an arbitrary node with in the Linked List.Solution:Suppose the original linked list is likeX1->X2->X3->....->NULL we are supposed to create another Linked List like Y1->Y2->Y3->....->NULL.First we modify the Source

C Programming - Different signature problem with extern variables

2006-10-31T08:18:00.000-08:00

One of my friend asked me this question few days back which seemed to be very interesting for me atleast. The question was as follows File1.c File2.c 1 int arr[80]; 1 extern int *arr;2 int main()3 {4 arr[1] = 100;5 return 0;6 }What will be the output when complied and linked together?It was

Window - 013 Windows XP Commands

2006-10-16T01:06:00.000-07:00

Some nice Windows XP commands1. Merge two files into another - copy smalefile1 + smallfile2 largefile2. Decompress Files - extract3. pushd and popd same as that for bash.4. Associate a folder to a drive - subst X: C:\windows5. tree structure for directory - tree6. find files or find string with in a file - find/findstr7. Hiding files within another file(NTFS Filesystem Specific) - type 1.jpg > 1

Linux - 013 Linux Bash Tips

2006-09-24T08:14:00.000-07:00

Windows - Debugging Tools

2006-09-20T08:01:00.000-07:00

I would like to mention few very good debugging tools which were very useful for me.All the below links correspond to 32 bit platforms, go to those links they says it all.1. Debugging Tools for Windows2. Debug Diag3. Dependency Walker4. Process Explorer5. DebugView 6. JXplorer - For LDAP related stuffs

Update....

2006-09-18T08:10:00.000-07:00

I will be posting my articles in both K5REC as well as cprogrammers.

Windows - Memory Leak Analysis using Windbg

2006-09-18T07:51:00.000-07:00

Windbg is a tool from the house of MS. It come handy when debugging in a production enviornment as it is light weight. I have been using Windbg for the last few weeks and I would like to share some tips.Let us start of with memory leak analysis!Download Location: Debugging Tools For WindowsWindbg has build in extension exts.dll which can used to find memory leaks. Here are the steps. Enable Stack

C Programming - Divisible By 3 or Not

2006-06-07T04:04:00.000-07:00

Given a number we have to find whether it is divisible by 3 or not without using /,%,*.We are provided with char *itoa(int) functionPlease post in your comments. Let us find a good solution!!!!Solution:One of the property of a number divisible by 3 is that its sum of digits will be also divisible by 3.Suppose abcd is a 4 digit decimal numberabdc = 1000a + 100b + 10c + d = (999a + 99b + 9c) + (a +

C Programming - Remove Characters within a String

2006-06-01T22:59:00.000-07:00

The characters to be removed from a string is given as another string.Your comments are valuable!!Solution:void remove(char src[], char del[]){ char hash[26] = {0}; char *fsrc = del,*fdst; int count; while(*fsrc) { hash[*fsrc - 'a'] = 1; fsrc++; } fsrc = fdst = src; while(*fsrc) { if ( (*fsrc == ' ') || ( hash[*fsrc - 'a'] == 0 ) ) {

C Programming - Rev()

2006-06-01T22:32:00.000-07:00

An array of size N has distinct values 1…N in random order. You have only operator called rev(X) (where X is any value from 0 to N-1) which reverses all values from 0 to X (example values 2,3,1,4 and rev(2) gets you 1,3,2,4). Our objective is to sort the array using minimum number of Rev(X) functions. How many permutations of N size array require exactly N number of rev(X) operators to get

C Programming - String to Integer (atoi)

2006-05-15T21:36:00.000-07:00

Another TechMahindra Interview question. The question was to convert a VALID string into its corresponding integer value.Post in your comments!Solution:int atoi(char *string){ int value=0,sign=1; if ( !string || !*string ) return 0; if ( *string == '-' ) { sign = -1; string++; } while ( *string ) { if ( (*string >= '0') && (*string <= '9') ) {

C Programming - Reverse Bits in an Integer

2006-05-15T07:05:00.000-07:00

It is supposed to be an 32bit integer. Solution:unsigned intreverse(register unsigned int x){ x = (((x & 0xaaaaaaaa) >> 1) | ((x & 0x55555555) << 1)); x = (((x & 0xcccccccc) >> 2) | ((x & 0x33333333) << 2)); x = (((x & 0xf0f0f0f0) >> 4) | ((x & 0x0f0f0f0f) << 4)); x = (((x & 0xff00ff00) >> 8) | ((x & 0x00ff00ff) << 8)); return((x >> 16) | (x << 16));}

C Programming - Remove Concequetive Repeting Chars with that Character

2006-05-15T06:37:00.000-07:00

What I meant was convert "aaabccddd" to "abcd".Solution:#include < stdio.h >#define STRING "aaabccddd"int replaceCChars(char *string){ char *dest=string; while(*string) { if ( *string != *(string+1) ) { *dest++ = *string; } string++; } *dest = '\0'; }int main(){ char a[]=STRING; printf("Before: %s ",a); replaceCChars(a);

C Programming - Find Perfect Square Between Two Numbers

2006-05-15T06:34:00.000-07:00

TechMahindra Interview Question, this is how I did that.Solution:#include < stdio.h >#define START 10#define STOP 100int main(){ int i=0; while( (i*i) < START ) i++; while( (i*i) < STOP ) { printf("%d ",i*i); i++; }}

C Programming - Reverse Words in a String (In-Place)

2006-05-15T06:29:00.000-07:00

Another typical interview question!!Here is the solution that I could think off...Post your comments!!!Solution:#include < stdio.h >#define SENT "Hello I am Here"int reverse(char *string, char delimiter){ char *src, *dest,*temp=string; while( *temp ) { if (*temp == delimiter) { temp++; continue; } src=dest=temp; while (

C Programming - Dynamic Pointer Cast vs Dynamic Reference Cast

2006-04-29T01:54:00.000-07:00

Only difference is that in case of bast casts to references a suitable handler can be provided.Like the one belowtry { A &a = dynamic_cast < A & >(b); // suppose that this fails}catch (bad_cast) { // do what ever you want}

C++ Programming - Using Declarations for Access Control

2006-04-27T06:36:00.000-07:00

class A {private: int a;protected: int b;public: int c;}class B: private A { using B::b; using B::c;}This gives access to B::b and B::c but not B::a.

C Programming - Format Strings are Important!!

2006-04-25T23:44:00.000-07:00

Guess, What will be the output?#include < stdio.h >int main(int argc, char *argv[]){ int i=10; int *j=&i; printf("aaa%n\n"); printf("%d\n",i);}I ran this program on .NET platform with optimization disabled, it should be portable across all other platforms also.

C Programming - Is that a Prime Number?

2006-04-15T21:57:00.000-07:00

Interviewers favourite :)The problem is to find out whether a number is prime or not?This is the one best solution that I could find out!!!Solution:/* returns 1, if number is prime else 0 */int prime(int number){ int iter,bound; if (!(number % 2)) return (number == 2); if (!(number % 3)) return (number == 3); if (!(number % 5)) return (number == 5); for(iter = 7; (iter * iter)<=

C Programming - Max Sum

2006-04-02T03:23:00.000-07:00

You have an array of n nonzero numbers. The array is randomly filled with positive and negative numbers.Write an algorithm/program to find 2 such indexes in the array, so as the sum of the numbers between these indexes is the maximum.For e.g. if the array is10, -20, 9, 8, 3, -12, 6, 3, 4, 1, -5, 3, -1Then the indexes would be 2 and 9, the sum is 9 + 8 + 3 + -12 + 6 + 3 + 4 + 1 =22At first glance

C Programming - Self Exploit

2006-03-22T01:40:00.000-08:00

Self Exploit < Code Snippet >. strcpy !!!! Is she the culprit?Note: Tested on Redhat Linux i386 platform.#include < string.h >#include < stdio.h >#include < stdlib.h >int payload();int exploit(char *d);int main() { int distance; char a[512] = {0}; distance = exploit(NULL); memset(a, 0xFF, distance); *(void**)(a + distance) = &payload; *(void**)(a + distance + sizeof(void*)) = 0;

C Programming - Program that prints itself

2006-03-21T21:38:00.000-08:00

This program output will print the program itselfint main(){char c[]="int main()%c{%cchar c[]=%c%s%c;%cprintf(c,10,10,34,c,34,10,10,10);%c}%c";printf(c,10,10,34,c,34,10,10,10);}

C Programming - Print In Reverse-Order

2006-03-20T03:58:00.000-08:00

This is only for printing, we are not storing the reversed output anywhere and another shortcoming is that it will cause SEGFAULT for a huge length string.Recursive main() calling!! For beginners it will be a great to surprise to call main() function within main() it, but wait, Isn't main() also a function?/* reverse.c */#include int main(){ char ch; if ( (ch=getchar()) != '\n' ) {

C Programming - Extract Token from Strings

2006-03-12T22:17:00.000-08:00

glibc implementation of strtok for i386 platform.static char *olds;void *rawmemchr (const void *s, int c){ register unsigned long int d0; register unsigned char *res; __asm__ __volatile__ ("cld\n\t" "repne; scasb\n\t" : "=D" (res), "=&c" (d0) : "a" (c), "0" (s), "1" (0xffffffff), "m" ( *(struct { char __x[0xfffffff]; } *)s) : "cc"); return res - 1;}char *strtok (char

C Programming - Heap Overview

2006-03-09T13:08:00.000-08:00

An Overview of Heap OverflowEach threads of a running program has a stack where local variables are stored. In linux all program has a .BSS (global and static uninitialized varibles) and .DATA segment (global and static initialized varibles) along with other segments used by malloc() and allocated with brk() - Sets the end of data segment to the values specified or mmap() - map file into memory,

C Programming - String Length!!

2006-03-07T23:39:00.000-08:00

glibc implementation of strlen for i386 platform.Cool!size_tstrlen (const char *str){ int cnt; asm("cld\n" /* Search forward. */ /* Some old versions of gas need `repne' instead of `repnz'. */ "repnz\n" /* Look for a zero byte. */ "scasb" /* %0, %1, %3 */ : "=c" (cnt) : "D" (str), "0" (-1), "a" (0)); return -2 - cnt;}Note: This was extracted from glibc-2.3.6 (sysdeps

My Favourites

2006-03-05T23:21:00.000-08:00

My Favourite Casts:Unlimited Enlightenment!!!!CS 162: Operating Systems and System Programming by Anthony JosephHak5 by Darren, Wess, Alli, Harison and JonathanKn1ght's Round Table by Kn1ghtl0rdMac Pro Podcast and Podcaster Confessions by Joseph NiloMartin Bailey Photography Podcast by Martin BaileySecurity Now! by Steve Gibson and Leo LaporteTWiT by Leo Laporte

C Programming - ShellCoding Series - Episode #1 (AUDIO)

2006-03-05T08:19:00.000-08:00

At last ended up creating AUDIO!Overview of Linux Process Memory ModelOverview Stack SegmentStack Segment PopulationStack Segment ManipulationDownload MP3| AACNext Episode: Writing ShellCode for Spawing a Shell (/bin/sh)Show Notes:Program1:/* program1.c */int f(int i, int j, int k){ char buffer1[5]; char buffer2[10];}int main(){ f(1,2,3);}Disassembly of Program1.c:$> gdb -q program1(no

Network Sniffing - Cain & Abel!

2006-03-02T21:43:00.000-08:00

I ran cain & abel to listen to my ethernet adapater. The surprising stuff was that I didn't if have to do an ARP Poisioning!!! bcoz all the machines was connected to a HUB.

C Programming - Bit Twiddling Hack

2006-03-02T21:13:00.000-08:00

Some Bit Twiddling code snippets!!Bit Twiddling HacksContents:# Compute the sign of an integer# Compute the integer absolute value (abs) without branching# Compute the minimum (min) or maximum (max) of two integers without branching# Determining if an integer is a power of 2# Sign extending * Sign extending from a constant bit width * Sign extending from a variable bit-width * Sign

Operating System/Data Structures/Machine Structures Classes from Berkeley

2006-03-01T23:06:00.000-08:00

Following are RSS feeds for MOST WANTED!!!Operating Systems and System ProgrammingThe Structure and Interpretation of Computer ProgramsData StructuresMachine Structures

C Programming - Stack Segment

2006-03-01T08:16:00.000-08:00

#include < stdio.h >main(){ char i=10; char *ptr=&i; unsigned long j; for(j=0; j<4294967296; j++) printf("%u -- %d\n",ptr+j, *(ptr+j)); }Platform used: Redhat Linux E.L 4.0 on Intel P4 2.8GhzWe got a SEG fault when (ptr+j) crosses 3GB. Why?It does not seem to be an authentic explanation to me as well, but learn something from this.PAE (Physical Address Extension) enabled kernel will

C++ Programming - Is static the problem?

2006-02-28T09:05:00.000-08:00

#include < iostream >using namespace std;static int i;class x { int i; public: x() { cout << "In HERE" << endl; } int geti() { return i; }};int main(){ cout << "Inside main() = " << ((x *)(&i+1))->geti() << endl; *(&i+1) = 17; cout << "Inside main() = " << ((x *)(&i+1))->geti() << endl; static x aa; cout << "Inside f() : " << aa.geti() << endl; x bb;}When we ran this on Intel Platform Linux (

Excuses ...

2006-02-27T00:56:00.000-08:00

Still researching the software with which I can do the video, as I am not having any prof camera I am going to do a screenrecorder kind of video.Still in a great confussion to make this an complete audio as we have video posted earlierJust send me the links of software that are suitable for capturing screen and audio, currently i am using iCord.Post in your comments!!

Future ...

2006-02-09T22:21:00.000-08:00

A complete discussion on the article by Aleph One. Complete hands-on video this time along with SOUND (for deaf ;)Feel free to post comments, your input are valuable!!!!!!

C Programming - ShellCode Writing Part 2 (NO AUDIO)

2006-02-08T23:03:00.000-08:00

Shellcode writing with null byte stripped!!!Download - Video File

C Programming - Shellcode Writing Part 1 (NO AUDIO)

2006-02-06T23:01:00.000-08:00

ShellCode writing (without trimming null).Reference: Smashing The Stack For Fun And ProfitDownload - Video File

C Programming - Find a Linked List is cyclic or not (Vintage Method)

2006-02-06T02:07:00.000-08:00

Two pointer method:Keep two pointers. One at element 1 and the next at element 3. See if they are equal; if not, move P1 by one and P2 by two. Check and continue. If P1 or P2 is null, there is no loop. If there is one, it will definitely be detected. One pointer will eventually catch up with the other (i.e., have the same value), though it might take several traversals of the cycle to do it.

C Programming - Skip Video!!!! NO AUDIO

2006-02-06T01:35:00.000-08:00

Seeing is believing!!!Check this previous post for more detailsDownload - Video File

Would you like to work for Google?

2006-01-16T20:56:00.000-08:00

Cool stuff!!!

C Programming - Smashing the stack for fun and profit

2006-01-16T20:29:00.000-08:00

An intro to how stack overflow works, how to exploit those and some more shellcode

Programming - How to be a Programmer

2006-01-16T01:49:00.000-08:00

How to be a Programmer: A Short, Comprehensive, and Personal Summary!!!!

C Programming - The Ten Commandments for C Programmers

2006-01-16T01:39:00.000-08:00

Dos and dons!!!!

Programming - Collections of Algorithms

2006-01-16T01:36:00.000-08:00

A good collection of algorithms, rather a Directory of Algorithms!!!

Programming - Introduction to Reverse Engineering Software

2006-01-16T01:30:00.000-08:00

Nice article which teachs you various debugging techniques, information amount how stack is maintained, disassembling the code and many more.

C/C++ Programming - Max Sequence

2006-01-16T01:13:00.000-08:00

You have an array of n nonzero numbers. The array is randomly filled with positive and negative numbers.Write an algorithm/program to find 2 such indexes in the array, so as the sum of the numbers between these indexes is the maximum.For e.g. if the array is 10, -20, 9, 8, 3, -12, 6, 3, 4, 1, -5, 3, -1Then the indexes would be 2 and 9, the sum is 9 + 8 + 3 + -12 + 6 + 3 + 4 + 1 =22At first glance

C++ Programming: Bitwise Copy

2005-12-03T04:39:00.000-08:00

A default copy constructor does not do a Bitwise Copy under the following circumstancesWhen the class contains a member object of a class for which a copy assignment operator existsWhen the class is derived from a base class for which a copy assignment operator existsWhen the class declares one or more virtual functions (we must not copy the vptr address of the right-hand class object, since it

C++ Programming: Cross Casts

2005-11-29T20:17:00.000-08:00

A multiply inherited class object can be converted into a second base class.For ex:struct A{ int i; virtual ~A () {}};struct B { bool b; };struct D: public A, public B{ int k; D() { b = true; i = k = 0; }};A *ptra = new D;B *ptrb = dynamic_cast< B* >ptra;The static type for ptra is A * where as the dynamic type is D *. Normal static cast can't be used here as A and B are two different

Programming - Must Read Books

2005-11-20T02:27:00.000-08:00

The Shellcoder's Handbook : Discovering and Exploiting Security Holes Shellcoder's Programming UncoveredHacker's DelightProgramming Interviews Exposed: Secrets to Landing Your Next JobExceptional C++: 47 Engineering Puzzles, Programming Problems, and SolutionsMore Exceptional C++

C++ Programming - Inline or Macro

2005-11-20T02:00:00.000-08:00

A function defined within the declaration of a class is inline by default. When no inline specifier is used, linkage will be external unless an inline definition appears before the first call.Inline function should only have exactly one definition. Expansion of Arguments can give weird result or compile time errors while using MACRO MACROS has the ability to operate on any type of arguments. Both

C Programming - The Assert Macro

2005-11-20T01:56:00.000-08:00

assert () marcro takes a boolean-valued expression evalutes to true, but it prints an informative message and terminates the program if expression eveluates to false. If using C++ you can avoid the deprecated warning message by using instead of eg:assert ( ptr == NULL );

C++ Programming - Unnamed Bit-Field

2005-11-20T01:53:00.000-08:00

An unnamed bit field is used for padding to conform to external imposed layouts. Unnamed bit-field with a width of zero specifies aloignment of the next bit field at an allocation unit boundary.struct becks { ... int :3 //three bit field ...}

C++ Programming - Class Member Alignment

2005-11-15T04:50:00.000-08:00

class A { bool a; int b; bool c;};class B { bool a; bool c; int b;};What will be the value of sizeof(A) and sizeof(B)?

C Programming - Stack

2005-11-05T01:51:00.000-08:00

Note: Almost all the cases explained below are for intel x86 under linux platform and compiled using gcc.The stack is LIFO data structure. Stack boundary is defined by extended stack pointer (ESP) register. In over case ESP points to the last address used on the stack, whereas there as architectures in which it points to the first free address.Suppose we call a function f(1,2,3) from our main

C++ Programming - Unions in C++

2005-11-05T01:35:00.000-08:00

Default access to a union is public, it can contain member functions and member data.Other than that there are some more specialties for unions in C++.It can't have a static data members or a member of reference type.It can't have virtual functions.It can't be used as a base class nor it can have base class.An object of a class with a construct or a destructor or a user-defined assignment

C++ Programming - Global Anonymous Unions

2005-11-05T01:33:00.001-08:00

An anonymous union that is declared in a named namespace or in the global namespace has to be explicitly declared static. For examplestatic union //anonymous union in global namespace{ int num; char *pc;};namespace NS{ static union { double d; bool b;}; //anonymous union in a named namespace}int main(){ NS::d = 0.0; num = 5; pc = "str"; return 0;}

C++ Programming - sizeof()

2005-11-05T01:33:00.000-08:00

An empty class doesn't have any data members or member functions. Therefore, the size of an instance is seemingly zero. However, C++ guarantees that the size of a complete object is never zero. Consider the following example:class Empty {};Empty e; // e occupies at least 1 byte of memoryIf an object is allowed to occupy zero bytes of storage, its address can overlap with the address of a

C++ Programming - Big Three

2005-11-05T01:32:00.000-08:00

Constructor+Destructor+Copy Constructor=Big Three

C++ Programming - Pure Virtual Destructors

2005-11-05T01:31:00.001-08:00

Unlike ordinary member functions, a virtual destructor is not overridden when it is redefined in a derived class. Rather, it is extended. The lower-most destructor first invokes the destructor of its base class; only then is it executed. Consequently, when you try to declare a pure virtual destructor, you might encounter compilation errors, or worse -- a runtime crash. In this respect, pure

C++ Programming - Pseudo Destructors

2005-11-05T01:31:00.000-08:00

Fundamental types have constructors, as you have seen. In addition, fundamental types also have a pseudo destructor. A pseudo destructor is a syntactic construct whose sole purpose is to satisfy the need of generic algorithms and containers. It is a no-op code that has no real effect on its object. If you examine the assembly code that your compiler produces for a pseudo destructor invocation,

C++ Programming - Destructor Invocation

2005-11-05T01:30:00.001-08:00

Destructors are invoked implicitly in the following cases: * For static objects at program termination * For local objects when the block in which the object is created exits * For a temporary object when the lifetime of the temporary object ends * For objects allocated on the free store using new, through the use of delete * During stack unwinding that results from an exceptionA

C++ Programming - Member Initialization Lists

2005-11-05T01:30:00.000-08:00

The choice between using a mem-initialization list and initialization inside the constructor's body is significant in the following four cases: *Initialization of const members *Initialization of reference members *Passing arguments to a constructor of a base class or an embedded object *Initialization of member objectsIn the first three cases, a mem-initialization list is mandatory;

C++ Programming - Explicit Constructors

2005-11-05T01:29:00.000-08:00

class A {public: A() { ... }; A(int i) { ... };};main(){ A a; A b = 1; ...}The compiler interprets the expression A b= 1; as if the programmer had writtenA b = A(1);You might encounter a similar problem when calling a function that takes A as argument. The following example can either be a cryptic coding style or simply a programmer's typographical error. However, due to the implicit conversion

Trivial Constructors

2005-11-05T01:28:00.000-08:00

A constructor is considered trivial when all the following hold true: * Its class has no virtual member functions and no virtual base classes. * All the direct base classes of the constructor's class have trivial constructors. * All the member objects in the constructor's class have trivial constructors.

C Programming - Byte Order

2005-10-20T22:34:00.000-07:00

Little Endian Byte Order: "Little Endian" means that the low-order byte of the number is stored in memory at the lowest address, and the high-order byte at the highest address. eg. long int i = 0x12345678; /* assuming long int has 4 bytes */0x8000490: 0x780x8000491: 0x560x8000492: 0x340x8000493: 0x12Big Endian Byte Order:"Big Endian" means that the high-order byte of the number is stored in

C Programming - Complicated Declaration Made Simple

2005-10-18T01:22:00.000-07:00

IntroductionA declaration can have exactly one basic type, and it's always on the far left of the expression.The "basic types" are augmented with "derived types", and C has three of them: * pointer to... This is denoted by the familiar * character, and it should be self evident that a pointer always has to point to something. [] array of... "Array of" can be undimensioned -- [] -- or

C Programming - One amoung the Two-> x = x == a ? b : a;

2005-10-17T01:13:00.000-07:00

x can have only values a or b, we want to assign x a value otherthan the current one.x ^= a ^ b

C Programming - Exchanging Corresponding fields of integer

2005-10-16T23:39:00.000-07:00

Exchange the contents of the variable x and y wherever the mask bit mi=1x^=yy^=(x&m)x^=y

C Programming - Turn OFF Right Most ON Bit

2005-10-16T21:50:00.000-07:00

x & (x - 1)AlSo UsEd To FiNd If x Is A pOwEr Of 2

C Programming - Rounding Up

2005-10-16T21:49:00.001-07:00

An unsigned integer x can be rounded up to the next greater multiple of 8 with either of(x + 7) & -8x + (-x & 7)

ANOOB BACKER Technical Blog

C++ - LIBUMEM Best Simple Memory Leak Detection Tool Ever

C++ - Object Heap Marker to Detect Memory Leaks

C# - Command line Tools n Modularizing IF-ELSE

SharePoint - SSP Personalization Services Permissions

Windows - 013 Useful Windows Commands

Linux - 013 Linux Bash Tips

SharePoint - Permissions

Readable Code - Remove Checking null

SharePoint - Windows SharePoint Services (WSS) Overview and Architecture

General Update

C++ Programming - Split Linked List into Two

General - Collecting Stack Trace

General - Useful Commands For Collecting System Details

Shell Scripting - Debugging Shell Scripts

General - HPUX FAQs

Shell Scripting - Monitor Process

C/C++ Programming - Solaris Core Dump Analysis

C/C++ Programming - Windows Memory Leak Analysis using DebugDiag

General Announcement - New Name...

C++ Programming - Windows Compiler and Linker Issues

C Programming - Three Beautiful Quicksorts (by Jon Bentley)

Debugging - Core Dump Management on the Solaris OS

C C++ Programming - Useful Tracing and Profiling Tools

Shell Script - Memory Watch for UNIX Platforms

C Programming - Path Correction

C++ Programming - Empty Base Class Optimization

Programming - Code Browsing Made Easy Using ctags+gvim

C++ Programming - BST Level Order Printing

C Programming - Removing Loop from a Linked List

C Programming - Divisible By 3 or Not (continued)

C Programming - Copy Linked List (including arbitrary pointer)

C Programming - Different signature problem with extern variables

Window - 013 Windows XP Commands

Linux - 013 Linux Bash Tips

Windows - Debugging Tools

Update....

Windows - Memory Leak Analysis using Windbg

C Programming - Divisible By 3 or Not

C Programming - Remove Characters within a String

C Programming - Rev()

C Programming - String to Integer (atoi)

C Programming - Reverse Bits in an Integer

C Programming - Remove Concequetive Repeting Chars with that Character

C Programming - Find Perfect Square Between Two Numbers

C Programming - Reverse Words in a String (In-Place)

C Programming - Dynamic Pointer Cast vs Dynamic Reference Cast

C++ Programming - Using Declarations for Access Control

C Programming - Format Strings are Important!!

C Programming - Is that a Prime Number?

C Programming - Max Sum

C Programming - Self Exploit

C Programming - Program that prints itself

C Programming - Print In Reverse-Order

C Programming - Extract Token from Strings

C Programming - Heap Overview

C Programming - String Length!!

My Favourites

C Programming - ShellCoding Series - Episode #1 (AUDIO)

Network Sniffing - Cain & Abel!

C Programming - Bit Twiddling Hack

Operating System/Data Structures/Machine Structures Classes from Berkeley

C Programming - Stack Segment

C++ Programming - Is static the problem?

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Future ...

C Programming - ShellCode Writing Part 2 (NO AUDIO)

C Programming - Shellcode Writing Part 1 (NO AUDIO)

C Programming - Find a Linked List is cyclic or not (Vintage Method)

C Programming - Skip Video!!!! NO AUDIO

Would you like to work for Google?

C Programming - Smashing the stack for fun and profit

Programming - How to be a Programmer

C Programming - The Ten Commandments for C Programmers

Programming - Collections of Algorithms

Programming - Introduction to Reverse Engineering Software

C/C++ Programming - Max Sequence

C++ Programming: Bitwise Copy

C++ Programming: Cross Casts

Programming - Must Read Books